Download: APPLICATION NOTE A broadband 150 W amplifier for band IV & V TV transmitters based on the BLV862 AN98014

APPLICATION NOTE A broadband 150 W amplifier for band IV & V TV transmitters based on the BLV862 AN98014, CONTENTS 22 APPENDIX F4 23 APPENDIX G1 1 ABSTRACT 24 APPENDIX G2 2 INTRODUCTION 25 APPENDIX H1 3 TRANSISTOR DESCRIPTION 26 APPENDIX H2 3.1 Main properties of the BLV862 3.2 Internal matching 3.3 Gain and impedance data 4 AMPLIFIER DESIGN 4.1 Input network 4.2 Output network 4.3 Biascircuit 5 PERFORMANCE OF A SINGLE AMPLIFIER

CONFIGURATION

5.1 Small Signal Response 5.2 Large Signal Response 5.3 3 dB Input Overdrive Capability Test 5.4 Amplitude and Phase Transfer Characteristic 5.5 Intermodulation 5.6 TV-measurements 5.6.1 Differential Gain 5.6.2 Differential Phase 5.6.3 Sync Compression vs Peak-Sync Power 5.6.4 Peak Output Power at 1 dB Compression 6 DUAL AMPLIFIER CONFIGURATION 6.1 Small Signal Response 6.2 Large Signal Response 7 CONCLUSIONS 8 REFERENCES 9 APPENDIX 10 APPENDIX A1 11 APPENDIX A2 12 APPENDIX A4 13 APPENDIX B 14 APPENDIX C1 15 APPENDIX C2 16 APPENDIX D1 17 APPENDIX D2 18 APPENDIX E 19 APPENDIX F1 20 APPENDIX F2 21 APPENDIX F3 1998 Mar 23 2,

A broadband 150 W amplifier for band IV & V TV Application Note

transmitters based on the BLV862 AN98014 1 ABSTRACT A broadband amplifier design is presented based on the BLV862, capable of operating in full band IV & V (470 − 860 MHz) with flat gain and high output power in class-AB. A single amplifier configuration is presented and characterized for aural and vision amplification. This amplifier is able to deliver 150 W CW power and up to 200 W peak-sync power at 1 dB compression point into a 50 W load. For combined vision and sound amplification two-tone and 3-tone performance is presented as well. Two of these amplifiers have been combined with external quadarture hybrids to demonstrate the power capability of two BLV862. Results include 300 W CW power at 1 dB compression. The circuit is a compact design on a PTFE-glass laminate with an εr = 2.55 and a thickness of 0.51 mm (20 mils). 2 INTRODUCTION For application in TV-transmitter output stages a broadband high power amplifier design is described with the BLV862 transistor. The design objective based on a single BLV862 is given in Table 1 In the next sections some background on the BLV862 transistor and amplifier design is given. The tuning procedure used for this amplifier is described and its performance for aural and vision amplification presented. Because of the increasing interest for combined amplication of sound and vision also two and 3-tone performance is presented. Finally full band performance data of two BLV862 amplifiers combined with quadrature hybrids is given. Table 1 Electric characteristics (VCC = 28 V; lcq = 800 mA) SYMBOL VALUE UNIT Frequency band B 470 − 860 MHz Output power @ 1 − dB compression; note 1 Pout >150 W Power gain GP >8 dB Gain ripple GP-ripple ±0.5 dB Efficiency η >45 % Input Return loss IRL −8 dB Note 1. POUT-ref = 40 W (CW). 3 TRANSISTOR DESCRIPTION 3.1 Main properties of the BLV862 The BLV862 is a 150 W transistor incorporated in a gemini package SOT262B. A simplified outline of this package is shown in Fig.1. The emitter is connected to the flange and the collector leads are internally parallelled for DC because of the output matching applied. Therefore the collector currents cannot be measured separately. 1998 Mar 23 3, handbook, halfpage collector collector BLV862

PHILIPS

emitter base base MGH834 Fig.1 SOT262B package outline of the BLV862. The active part of the BLV862 consists of four dies witha6µm emitter-pitch technology. It incorporates high value postillion emitter ballasting resistor for an optimum temperature profile in class-AB as well as class-A operation. Combined with gold metallization it offers a high degree of reliability and ruggedness. The main transistor data is summarized in Table 2. Table 2 RF performance of BLV862 MODE OF f VCE PL GP Eff Gp-comp. Rthj-hs OPERATION (MHz) (V) (W) (dB) (%) (dB) (K/W) Class-AB 860 28 150 >8 dB >45% <1 dB <0.65 3.2 Internal matching The BLV862 is internally matched to increase the useable bandwidth and to elevate the device terminal impedance. Figure 2 shows the equivalent circuit of one BLV862 section, with its matching circuitry. The input is pre-matched with two lowpass LC-sections to get low-Q transformation steps and high intermediate impedance level at the base terminals. The output is post-matched with a collector-to-collector shunt inductor which is designed to resonate with the transistor output capacitance at the low end of the band. This results in an increased broadband capability and increased impedance level at the transistor output. 1998 Mar 23 4, handbook, halfpage LC1 LC3

C

LB3 LB2 LB1

B

C2 C1 LE2

LS

LE3 LC2 LE1 E virtual MGH835 ground Fig.2 Internal circuit topology of one section of BLV862. 3.3 Gain and impedance data The gain and impedance data are listed in the Table 3 and curves are given in “Appendix B”. This data has been measured in a fixture tuned for maximum gain at rated output power for each frequency. The impedance data given is from base-base and collector-collector. Table 3 Conditions: VCC = 28 V; Icq = 800 mA; PL = 150WfGP ZIN (Ω) ZL (Ω) MHz dB Re (ZIN) Im (ZIN) Re (ZL) Im (ZL) 470 12.47 1.01 2.95 4.45 0.83 567 11.63 1.06 4.24 3.22 1.58 665 11.39 2.27 5.96 2.47 0.24 762 10.97 6.96 7.23 1.96 −0.63 860 10.83 6.68 −1.20 1.47 −0.62 4 AMPLIFIER DESIGN The total description of the amplifier is given in“Appendix A1” to “Appendix A4”. The amplifiers input and output matching networks contain mixed microstrip-lumped elements networks to transform the terminal impedance levels to approx. 25 Ω balanced. The remaining transformation to 50 Ω unbalanced is obtained by 1 : 2 balun transformers. The baluns B1 and B2 are 25 Ω semi-rigid coax cables with an electrical length of 45° at 636 MHz, soldered over the whole length on top of microstrip lines L2 and L19 of 1.8 mm width. To restore the balance in the circuit two stubs L1 and L20 with the same length have been added. For low frequency stability enhancement the input balun stubs are connected to the point of symmetry by means of 0.5 Ω series resistors. To avoid input signal damping the stubs are decoupled to ground with 1 nF capacitors. The point of symmetry at the input and output balun is used to feed the base and collector from a single bias circuit. Large capacitors are added to these points to improve the amplifiers video response. 1998 Mar 23 5, The PCB laminate utilized is PTFE-glass with an εr = 2.55 and a thickness of 0.51 mm. Specification of all components are given in “Appendix A4”. 4.1 Input network The input network is designed for high gain match and flat overall gain versus frequency. This is achieved by a three section lowpass filter with and a series capacitor at 50 Ω input impedance level. Two variable capacitors are included for fine tuning of the matching @ 860 MHz and flatness adjustment of the gain. See circuit diagram in “Appendix A1”. The capacitor C7 is placed close to the base of the BLV862 to maintain low Q transformation. 4.2 Output network The output network is designed for high output power and efficiency over the full bandwidth. RF dissipation in shunt capacitors is a critical factor in the design of the output network. To minimize the power loss in these components the loaded Q’s have been kept as low as possible. This is achieved with the use of a three-section semi-low pass network combined with stubs close to the collectors. The most critical component is the first shunt capacitor from the collectors. The current in this capacitor is at maximum level when operated at the high end of the band at a power level of 150 W (CW). To minimize the loss two high Q capacitors ATC180R are used in parallel. Experiments with lower Q capacitors ATC100B resulted in high losses leading to desoldering of the capacitors at full power level. 4.3 Biascircuit The class-AB bias circuit used is shown in Fig.3. This circuit has a very low power consumption allowing the use of low power SMD chip resistors. Two NPN transistors BD139 are used. T2 is chosen to operate in the reverse mode in order to have its lower collector to base diode voltage to track the base-emitter voltage of the BLV862. R7 mainly compensates for the difference between these two values. T2, T3 and BLV862 have been mounted on the same heatsink to have good temperature compensation. R8 is incorporated to protect T3 in case of short circuit in the BLV862. For large variations in base currents the VBE level of the BLV862 will show small variations due to this resistor and R2//R3 and R4//R5, see “Appendix A1”. No adverse effect will results from this. Capacitor C18 bypass any RF leakage to T2. The bias circuit is fully integrated on the amplifier board, see “Appendix A2”. handbook, halfpage R8 TR3 VBIAS VCC P1 R9 R7 TR2 C18 MGH836 Fig.3 Class-AB biascircuit. 1998 Mar 23 6, 5 PERFORMANCE OF A SINGLE AMPLIFIER CONFIGURATION The amplifier tuning is done under class-A small-signal conditions and characterized under large signal class-AB conditions from 470 − 860 MHz. The conditions used are: Table 4 Test conditions SMALL SIGNAL LARGE SIGNAL Class of operation A AB Collector-emitter voltage 28 V 28 V Quiescent current (lcq) 2.5 A 0.8 A Source/Load impedance 50 Ω 50 Ω Heatsink temperature 25 °C 25 °C 5.1 Small Signal Response Tuning the amplifier under small-signal class-A conditions to obtain optimum large signal performance was found to be a very suitable and save technique for the BLV862. The best small-signal response was determined experimentally. The S11, S22 and S21 response resulting in optimum large signal performance is given in “Appendix C1”. The input is tuned for maximum gain and a flat respons over the whole frequency band (470 − 860 MHz). The output is tuned to get at least 10 dB returnloss over the band. 5.2 Large Signal Response After the small-signal class-A tuning the amplifier was biased into class-AB and large signal measurements were done. Gain, efficiency, input return loss and compression was determined versus frequency at a power level of 150 W (CW). The data is summarized in “Appendix C2”. The gain level is 8.5 dB on average with a ripple of ±0.5 dB. Efficiency over the whole band is above the 50% level. The minimum efficiency occurs at 762 MHz. See “Appendix C2”. The gain compression at the lower and higher end of the band is about 1 dB while at the centre this is 0.5 dB referenced to a 40 W output power level. The input return loss is up to 3.5 dB at the lower end and 8.5 dB at the upper end of the frequency range. 5.3 3 dB Input Overdrive Capability Test An input overdrive test has been performed on the amplifier to test its capability to withstand 3 dB overdrive. POUT vs PIN measurements have been done from zero to 3 dB above its normal drive level for 150 W power output. The amplifier has proven to withstand a drive level of 46 W for several minutes without degradation of the transistor. The power level associated with this level was 200 W. “Appendix E” presents the recorded data. 5.4 Amplitude and Phase Transfer Characteristic A power sweep measurement has been performed using a network analyzer to determine the input/output transfer characteristics of the amplifier. The linearity of the amplifier is described in terms of the input/output amplitude transfer function known as AM-AM conversion or differential gain and the input/output phase transfer function known as AM-PM conversion or ICPM (incidental carrier phase modulation). The total setup for power sweep is reflected on “Appendix G1”. the sweep range of the network analyzer was set for −10 dBm to +14 dBm. “Appendix G2” shows the power sweep output from the network analyzer in a multiple sweep format to show the effect of various bias levels in class-AB. Any deviation from a straight line is a measure of non-linearity in the amplifier. Slight gain variations are to be expected at turn on. Important points for observation are the 1 dB gain compression point and the phase deviation at 1 dB gain compression referenced to the maximum phase in the linear gain region. The phase shift is about 6° at the 1 −dB compression point for 800 mA bias level. The stop between sweep power level was measured at 165 W and coincides with the 1 dB compression point. 1998 Mar 23 7, 5.5 Intermodulation Because of the increasing interest for combined carrier options we have determined the linear performance of the amplifier for 2-tone and 3-tone operation. IMD has been measured at 860 MHz for different tone levels. Since the bias level dependency was found not to be very strong only results at 800 mA are presented. Two tone and three tone IMD-measurement have been performed as defined in Fig.4. For two tone performance two carriers have been chosen which represents the vision and sideband carriers. Three tone measurement is done with an additional carrier which represents the sound carrier. The different tone systems used are listed below. Table 5 Survey of used tone systems for intermodulation measurements SYSTEM AMPLITUDE VISION AMPLITUDE SIDEBAND AMPLITUDE SOUND UNIT A −8 −16 −10 dB B −5 −17 −10 dB C −3 −20 −10 dB Tones 855.25 859.68 860.75 MHz IMD-performance is depicted as a function of the output peak-sync power (PSYNC) in “Appendix D1” and “Appendix D2”. handbook, full pagewidth PSYNC = 0 dB PSYNC = 0 dB A1 A1 A3 IMD IMD A2 A2 f1 f2 f3 f1 f2 Three tone definition Two tone definition MGH837 Fig.4 Definition for IMD-measurement. 5.6 TV-measurements The amplifier is also characterized with a PAL composite TV signal (without soundcarrier) according CCIR standard G. The TV test setup used, is depicted in “Appendix F1”. The following important characteristics have been measured in channel 69: • Differential gain (level dependence of gain) • Differential phase (level dependence of phase) • Sync compression • Peak output power @ 1 dB compression. 1998 Mar 23 8, 5.6.1 DIFFERENTIAL GAIN Differential gain is present if chrominance gain is dependent on luminance level. These amplitude errors are a result of the systems inability to uniform process the high-frequency chrominance signal at all luminance levels. Differential gain is expressed in percentage of the chrominance gain at blanking levels. Differential gain is expressed in percentage of the chrominance gain at blanking level. The input video waveform used for differential gain evaluation is a modulated staircase with 10% rest carrier as given in “Appendix F2”. “Appendix F2” and “Appendix F3” depicts the differential gains in channel 69 at a peak-sync power level of 150 W for several bias levels. 5.6.2 DIFFERENTIAL PHASE Differential phase is present if a signals chrominance phase is affected by luminance level. This phase distortion is a result of a systems inability to uniform process the high-frequency chrominance information at all luminance levels. The amount of differential phase distortion is expressed in degrees. Differential phase data for the same conditions are also given in “Appendix F2” and “Appendix F3”. 5.6.3 SYNC COMPRESSION VS PEAK-SYNC POWER One effect produced by non-linearity above the blanking level is compression of the sync pulse. This effect is compensated in transmitters by making the sync pulses correspondingly greater before amplification. The degree of this so called sync-stretching required, depends on the sync compression due to the non-linearity in the amplifier. Evaluation of the sync compression is done using a input video waveform at black level, see “Appendix F4”. The sync power is calculated by from the measured average output power and the sync-to-bar ratio after demodulation. The sync-to-bar ratio is measured with the video waveform on line 18 containing a 100% white-bar. With this available ratio the sync amplitude can be calculated referenced toa1Vsync-to-bar top level. The sync content is then normalized to a 1.11 V RF amplitude. An undistorted signal corresponds to 27% sync content. The sync power can then also be determined from the obtained sync level. The formula and definitions used for this calculation are given below (1) and in Fig.5. The output sync pulse content versus Psync power is presented in “Appendix F4”. handbook, halfpageTτ100% 73% b negative modulated a black picture 0% MGH838 Fig.5 Composite video signal with black level for determining sync-peak power. 1998 Mar 23 9, 1τ21T22τ2τ2U-∫ b ⋅ dt + - a ⋅ dt - ⋅ b + 1 – - ⋅ a P RMSTT∫ T T RMS = - = - 0-τ- = - PRRRk= 1-S-Y-N-C- = - (1) 2 RMSτab- + 1 – τ - ⋅ - P = - T T bSYNC R If there is no compression (a = 73% and b = 100%) then k = 0.567 and sync-power corresponds to PSYNC = PRMS/0.567. If there is a maximum sync-compression, which means that a = b, then k = 1 and as a result PSYNC will be equal to PRMS. In practice the allowable sync compression is bound to a maximum since sync-stretching is limited. 5.6.4 PEAK OUTPUT POWER AT 1 DB COMPRESSION “Appendix F4” shows the gain versus Psync power for channel 69. The input video signal is at black level. The 1 dB compression point is approximately 190 W Psync. 6 DUAL AMPLIFIER CONFIGURATION Two single amplifiers were combined using external quadrature couplers as depicted in Fig.6. Broadband CW measurements has been performed to test the capability of the combined BLV862 amplifiers. The conditions for each amplifier are listed in “Performance of a single amplifier configuration”. handbook, halfpage BLV862 input in 0° −90° −90° 0° output BLV862 MGH839 Fig.6 Dual amplifier configuration of BLV862. 6.1 Small Signal Response The small signal plots in class-A of the combined amplifiers are given in “Appendix H1”. Only a gain loss of 0.5 dB has been observed. On the otherhand the input and output is now perfectly matched. The gain-ripple is still acceptable which is approximately ±1 dB. 6.2 Large Signal Response The large signal gain in class-AB is above 7 dB and 300 W. Gain compression at different frequencies has been determined. At a loadpower of 300 W the gain compression is about ±1 dB over the whole frequency range. See “Appendix H2”. 1998 Mar 23 10,

A broadband 150 W amplifier for band IV & V TV Application Note

transmitters based on the BLV862 AN98014 Efficiency of the combined amplifiers is within the specifications which is >45%. As mentioned before. at 762 MHz the efficiency reaches its lowest value, but still >45%. See “Appendix H2”. 7 CONCLUSIONS A complete TV transmitter amplifier has been designed and characterized based on the BLV862, capable of operating in full band IV & V with flat gain and high output power in class-AB. With one BLV862 it is possible to generate 150 W CW power at 1 dB compression with a gain of >8 dB and an efficiency of >45%. Two amplifiers combined with quadrature couplers have shown to deliver 300 W CW power at 1 dB compression with >7 dB gain and 45% efficiency. TV-measurements have been performed showinga1dB compression point close to 200 W Psync from one BLV862. The prototype has been reproduced five times with very good repeatability. 8 REFERENCES 1. TEKTRONIX: “Television measurements − PAL systems” 2. Rhode & Schwarz Sound and Broadcasting: “Rigs and Recipes how to measure and monitor...”. 9 APPENDIX • A1: Schematic diagram of the BLV862 amplifier • A2: Component layout of the BLV862 amplifier and Layout of the BLV862 amplifier • A4: List of components • B: Gain and input-output impedance of two sections • C1: Small signal respons of the BLV862 amplifier in class-AB operation • C2: CW results of the BLV862 amplifier • D1: Two tone intermodulation in class-AB • D2: Three tone intermodulation in class-AB • E: 3 dB input overdrive capability test • F1: TV measurement setup • F2: Differential Gain and Phase • F3: Differential Gain and Phase • F4: Sync compression vs. peak-sync power • G1: Setup for phase linearity measurement • G2: Gain and phase deviation • H1: Small signal respons of two BLV862 amplifiers in class-AB combined with 3 dB quadrature hybrids • H2: RF performance of two BLV862 amplifiers combined with 3 dB quadrature hybrids. 1998 Mar 23 11,

A broadband 150 W amplifier for band IV & V TV Application Note

transmitters based on the BLV862 AN98014 10 APPENDIX A1 th 1998 Mar 23 12 This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... VCC = 28 V R8 TR3 R7 R9 C4 TR2 C19 C14 C18 R1 C2 L11 C10 R2 L1L9 TR1 L13 L7 L15 R3 L5L3 C15C1 L17 L19 50 Ω B1 input C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C11 C13 R4 L2 C17B2 50 Ω output L4 L18 R5 L6 L20 R6 C3 L8 L16 L10 L14 C12 C16 MGH840L12 Fig.7 Schematic diagram of the BLV862 amplifier., 11 APPENDIX A2 handbook, full pagewidth 102.0 56.0 R7 R8 R9 TR2 TR3 X1 C18 C19 X2 C10 B2 50 Ω C15C2 50 Ωinput R1 TR1 output C5 C6 C1 R2 C9 C11R3 C3 C7 C13R4 R5 C8 C14 C17 R6 C16 C4 B1 C12 MGH841 Fig.8 Component layout of the BLV862 amplifier. 1998 Mar 23 13 BLV862

PHILIPS

, 12 APPENDIX A4 List of components

CATALOGUE

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION VALUE DIMENSIONS NO. C1 Multilayer ceramic chip capacitor; note 1 10 pF C2, C3 Multilayer ceramic chip capacitor 1 nF 222285247102 C4 Solid aluminium capacitor 220 µF/16 V 222203135221 C5, C6 Multilayer ceramic chip capacitor; note 2 + 6.8 pF/0.6 − 4.5 pF Tekelec trimmer C7 Multilayer ceramic chip capacitor; note 2 13 pF C8, C9 Multilayer ceramic chip capacitor; note 3 10 pF C10 C12 Multilayer ceramic chip capacitor; note 1 100 pF C11 Multilayer ceramic chip capacitor; note 2 8.2 pF C13 Multilayer ceramic chip capacitor; note 2 3.9 pF C14 Solid aluminium capacitor 100 µF/40 V 222203137101 C15, C16 Multilayer ceramic chip capacitor 100 nF 222285247104 C17 Multilayer ceramic chip capacitor; note 1 22 pF C18 Multilayer ceramic chip capacitor; note 1 100 pF C19 Multilayer ceramic chip capacitor 15 nF 222285247153 R1, R6 SMD resistor 100 Ω 805 212211803881 R2, R3, R4, SMD resistor1Ω805 212211804562 R5, R8 R7 SMD resistor 47 Ω 805 212211804598 R9 SMD resistor 1.2 kΩ 805 212211804579 P1 Potentiometer 5 kΩ T1 NPN push-pull RF-transistor BLV862 934038450112 T2, T3 NPN transistor BD139 933091220112 B1 Semi rigid coax balun UT70-25 Z = 25 ±1.5 Ω 47.0 mm B2 Semi rigid coax balun UT70-25 Z = 25 ±1.5 Ω 48.7 mm X1, X2 Copper ribbon hairpin L1, L2 Stripline; note 4 47.0 × 1.8mmL3, L4 Stripline; note42× 5 mm L5, L6 Stripline; note44× 6 mm L7, L8 Stripline; note44× 8 mm L9, L10 Stripline; note 4 8.1 × 10 mm L11, L12 Stripline; note 4 15 × 2 mm L13, L14 Stripline; note45× 10 mm L15, L16 Stripline; note 4 10 × 8 mm L17, L18 Stripline; note 4 12.9 × 5 mm L19, L20 Stripline; note 4 48.7 × 1.8mm1998 Mar 23 14, Notes 1. American Technical Ceramics type 100A or capacitor of same quality. 2. American Technical Ceramics type 100B or capacitor of same quality. 3. American Technical Ceramics type 180R or capacitor of same quality. 4. The striplines are on a double copper-clad PCB: PTFE-glass material (TLX8) from Taconic (epsilon of 2.55). 1998 Mar 23 15, 13 APPENDIX B MGH842 handbook, halfpage

ZIN

(Ω) Xi ri −2 400 500 600 700 800 900 frequency (MHz) MGH843 handbook, halfpage

ZL

(Ω) rL

XL

−2 400 500 600 700 800 900 frequency (MHz) MGH844 handbook, halfpage gain (dB) VCC = 28 V; Icq = 800 mA; 0 POUT = 150 W; Ths = 25 °C. 400 500 600 700 800 900 frequency (MHz) Fig.9 Gain and input-output impedance of two sections. 1998 Mar 23 16, 14 APPENDIX C1 CH1 S21 log MAG 5 dB MGH845 handbook, full pagewidth Cor Ref 0 dB START 100 . 000 000 MHz STOP 1 200 . 000 000 MHz CH1 S11 log MAG 5 dB MGH846 handbook, full pagewidth Cor Ref 0 dB START 100 . 000 000 MHz STOP 1 200 . 000 000 MHz CH1 S22 log MAG 5 dB MGH847 handbook, full pagewidth Cor Ref 0 dB START 100 . 000 000 MHz STOP 1 200 . 000 000 MHz VCC = 28 V; Icq = 2.5 A; Ths = 25 °C.

Fig.10 Small signal respons of the BLV862 amplifier in class-AB operation.

1998 Mar 23 17, 15 APPENDIX C2 FREQ POUT PIN-F PIN-R Ic Gp EFF IRL COMP. (MHz) (W) (W) (W) (A) (dB) (%) (dB) (dB) 470 150 24.40 11.00 9.31 7.89 57.54 −3.46 −1.05 567 150 20.04 7.20 9.77 8.74 54.83 −4.45 −0.47 665 150 22.50 6.40 9.12 8.24 58.74 −5.46 −0.54 762 150 23.00 3.65 10.55 8.14 50.78 −7.99 −0.56 860 150 22.20 3.14 8.75 8.30 61.22 −8.49 −0.86 MGH848 10 70 handbook, full pagewidth power gain 8 60 efficiency 6 50 4 40 2 30 0 20 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 frequency (MHz) MGH84900handbook, full pagewidth gain compression −1 −2 −2 −4 input return loss −3 −6 −4 −8 −5 −10 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 frequency (MHz) Fig.11 CW results of the BLV862 amplifier. 1998 Mar 23 18 compression (dB) gain (dB) input return loss (dB) efficiency (%), 16 APPENDIX D1 MGH850 −20 handbook, halfpagAe 1 = −5 dB A2 = −16 dB

IMD

(dB) IMD3 −40 IMD5 −60 −80 0 100 200 300 400 500 PSYNC (W) MGH851 −20 handbook, halfpagAe 1 = −5 dB A2 = −17 dB

IMD

(dB) IMD3 −40 IMD5 −60 −80 0 60 120 180 240 300 PSYNC (W) MGH852 −20 handbook, halfpagAe 1 = −3 dB A2 = −20 dB

IMD

(dB) −40 IMD3 −60 IMD5 −80 0 60 80 120 160 200 VCC = 28 V; Icq = 800 mA; Ths = 25 °C. PSYNC (W) Fig.12 Two tone intermodulation in class-AB. 1998 Mar 23 19, 17 APPENDIX D2 MGH853 −20 handbook, halfpaAge1 = −8 dB A2 = −16 dB A3 = −10 dB

IMD

(dB) −40 −60 −80 0 70 140 210 280 350 PSYNC (W) MGH854 −20 handbook, halfpaAge1 = −5 dB A2 = −16 dB A3 = −10 dB

IMD

(dB) −40 −60 −80 0 46 92 138 184 230 PSYNC (W) MGH855 −20 handbook, halfpagAe1 = −3 dB A2 = −20 dB A3 = −10 dB

IMD

(dB) −40 −60 −80 V = 28 V; I = 800 mA; T = 25 °C. 0 32 64 96 128 160CC cq hs PSYNC (W) Fig.13 Three tone intermodulation in class-AB. 1998 Mar 23 20, 18 APPENDIX E MGH856 handbook, full pagewidth

PLOAD

(W) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 PDRIVE (W) a. Loadpower vs. input power. MGH857 10 100 handbook, full pagewidth gain 8 80 6 60 efficiency 4 40 2 2000020 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 PLOAD (W) b. Gain and efficiency vs. loadpower. VCC = 28 V; Icq = 800 mA; freq. = 860 MHz; Ths = 25 °C. Fig.14 3 dB input overdrive capability test. 1998 Mar 23 21 gain (dB) efficiency (%), 19 APPENDIX F1 handbook, full pagewidth CLASS A VIDEO CIRCULATOR POWER AMPLIFIER TV-EXCITER GENERATOR ULE350 ZRM100 VRM100 DUAL-DIRECTIONAL AMPLIFIER DUAL-DIRECTIONAL COUPLER UNDER TEST COUPLER

OUTPUT

BLV862 POWER

METER WAVEFORM

RECEIVER GENERATOR FME488 VM700A COAXIAL COAXIAL SWITCH SWITCH MGH858 INPUT SPECTRUM POWER ANALYZER

METER

Fig.15 TV measurement setup. 1998 Mar 23 22, 20 APPENDIX F2 handbook, full pagewidth Test line MGH859 Channel 69; Po,sync = 150 W; 10% residual carrier; VCC = 28 V; Ths = 25 °C; Picture content: colour bar. handbook, halfpage MGH860 MGH86110 handbook, halfpage1099differential differential gain 8 phase 8 (%) (deg) 77665544332211001st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th Icq = 800 mA. Fig.16 Differential Gain and Phase. 1998 Mar 23 23, 21 APPENDIX F3 handbook, halfpage MGH86210 handbook, halfpage MGH86399differential differential gain 8 phase 8 (%) (deg) 77665544332211001st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th Icq 300 mA. handbook, halfpage MGH8645 handbook, halfpage MGH86544differential differential gain 3 phase 3 (%) (deg) 221100-1 −1 -2 −2 -3 −3 -4 −4 -5 −5 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th Icq 150 mA. Fig.17 Differential Gain and Phase. 1998 Mar 23 24,

A broadband 150 W amplifier for band IV & V TV Application Note

transmitters based on the BLV862 AN98014 22 APPENDIX F4 handbook, full pagewidth 100% 27% 0% MGH866 Test conditions: channel 69; black level; VCC = 28 V; Icq = 800 mA; Ths = 25 °C. MGH867 30 10 handbook, full pagewidth

GP

24 8 18 6 sync. pulse 1246200020 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Po sync (W) Fig.18 Sync compression vs. peak-sync power. 1998 Mar 23 25 sync. pulse (%) power gain (dB),

A broadband 150 W amplifier for band IV & V TV Application Note

transmitters based on the BLV862 AN98014 23 APPENDIX G1 handbook, full pagewidth 1998 Mar 23 26 This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... AMPLIFIER UNDER TEST DRIVE AMP INPUT OUTPUT MATCHING MATCHINGFRFRNETWORK NETWORKFR

POWER METER

calibration NETWORK ANALYZER

POWER METER

20 dB internal disk 20 dB RFRABS-parameter test set RFRABIEEE-busin MGH868 Fig.19 Setup for phase linearity measurement.,

A broadband 150 W amplifier for band IV & V TV Application Note

transmitters based on the BLV862 AN98014 24 APPENDIX G2 handbooCkH, f1ull pAag/Bewidth log MAG 1 dB/ REF 8 dB CH2 A/B phase 2°/ REF −10 MGH869 BLV862 POWERSWEEP SWEEPTIME = 60 SEC2345678Cor 7 Smo 4 ∆ϕmax = 6° 1 dB compression Cor 2 Gain Avg Phase deviation Smo 1. Icq = 150 mA 5. Icq = 1000 mA 2. Icq = 300 mA 6. Icq = 1200 mA 3. Icq = 500 mA 7. Icq = 1500 mA 1 4. Icq = 800 mA 8. Icq = 2000 mA START −10.0 dBm CW 860.000 000 MHz STOP +14 dBm ≈ 165 Watts PDRIVE ref +7 dBm ≡ PLOAD = 40 W Fig.20 Gain and Phase deviation. 1998 Mar 23 27, 25 APPENDIX H1 CH1 S21 log MAG 5 dB MGH870 handbook, full pagewidth Cor Ref 0 dB START 100 . 000 000 MHz STOP 1 200 . 000 000 MHz CH1 S11 log MAG 5 dB MGH871 Ref handbook, full pagewidth 0 dB Cor START 100 . 000 000 MHz STOP 1 200 . 000 000 MHz CH1 S22 log MAG 5 dB MGH872 Ref handbook, full pagewidth 0 dB Cor START 100 . 000 000 MHz STOP 1 200 . 000 000 MHz VCC = 28 V; Icq = 2.5 A (each amplifier); Ths = 25 °C.

Fig.21 Small signal respons of two BLV862 amplifiers in class-AB combined with quadrature hybrids.

1998 Mar 23 28, 26 APPENDIX H2 MGH873 handbook, full pagewidth gain (dB) (1) 8 (2) (3) (4) (1) PL = 80 W. (2) PL = 150 W. (3) PL = 250 W. (4) PL = 300 W. 400 500 600 700 800 900 frequency (MHz) MGH874 handbook, full pagewidth (1) (2) (3) (4) (1) PL = 80 W. (2) PL = 150 W. 10 (3) PL = 250 W. (4) PL = 300 W. 400 500 600 700 800 900 frequency (MHz) MGH875 handbook, full pagewidth (1) (2) −1 (3) −2 −3 (1) PL = 150 W. −4 (2) PL = 250 W. (3) PL = 300 W. −5 400 500 600 700 800 900 frequency (MHz) VCC = 28 V; Icq = 800 mA; freq. = 860 MHz; Ths = 25 °C.

Fig.22 RF performance of two BLV862 amplifiers combined with 3 dB quadrature hybrids.

1998 Mar 23 29 compression (dB) efficiency (%),

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